PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.